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Adviser: Angelo Pallini Filho. An apparent preference of T. urticae for 'IAC Guarani' in relation to 'Floridabelle', 'IAC Campinas' and 'New Jersey 7335-5' was observed in a laboratory multiple-choice experiment involving clones with the highest and lowest oviposition rates in the previous test. 0000001379 00000 n
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análise estatística não evidenciou diferença entre o número de ácaros presentes Trichome density was highest on IAC 1.13 and lowest on IAC T-0104, IAC 12, ‘Albion’ and ‘Oso Grande’. >> Neste estudo foi avaliada a abundância e a sazonalidade de Tetranychus Under postal regu-lations, this paper therefore must be hereby marked advertisement solely to indicate this fact. The cultivars of papaya, "Tainung 01", "Calimosa", "Sunrise" and "Golden" are adequate hosts for T. urticae. startxref
This predatory mite occurrence is high on abandoned strawberry fields, but on plants that are yet commercially explored and are sprayed with acaricides the occurrence of P. macropilis is less frequent. The experiments were conducted on Paraguay tea leaf discs infested with one adult female mite/disc, incubated in a climate chamber (25 +/- 1 degrees C, 14h photophase) for five days. than 50% in three cultivars ‘Camarosa,’ ‘Diamante,’ and ‘Seascape.’ Thus, Tungau merah (Tetranychus urticae Koch) meru-pakan jenis hama yang paling penting dalam keluarga Tetranychidae, bersifat polifag dan dapat menyerang sekitar 1.200 jenis tanaman (Xie et al. 'Floridabelle' showed antibiotic and antixenotic characteristics by supporting the lowest population density and showing lower damage values than other cultivars. Application to bean, cucumber, tomato and strawberry. Thirty days after the Para avaliação destes Bioassay based on oviposition rates and damage scores was considered to be an efficient method to eliminate susceptible accessions from a breeding program, but authentication of putative resistance may require further testing in vivo. Index of coincidence of predator (Ic) was high most of the time even at low densities of both populations, decreased abruptly at the end of an interaction cycle and was similar at greenhouse and plant spatial scales. In the greenhouse, all treatments equivalently reduced the number of T. urticae below control. ... As defesas constitutivas estão presentes nas plantas e não dependem da presença dos herbívoros para serem expressadas. /Resources The idiosoma is the remainder of the body and the head, thorax and abdomen of insects. Ninety-eight strawberry varieties and selections were evaluated in the field from 1967 through 1969 for resist- ance to Tetranychus urticae Koch. Cultivars differed in their support of mite populations and in sensitivity to mite damage from the second to the fifth week of the experiment. du potentiel de croissance de l'acarien sont déjà déterminés au 12e jour de la période d'oviposition. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] Photograph by University of Florida. The findings indicate that site-specific treatments with N. californicus and bifenazate are competitive alternatives to whole-field application for T. urticae management in strawberries. 0000000956 00000 n
Thus, strawberry is more tolerant of mite feeding than apple. Tetranychus Urticae. A greenhouse study was conducted to investigate the host-pest relationships of seven cultivars of strawberry, Fragaria spp., that differed in resistance to the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. 'Totem' demonstrated high levels of tolerance by withstanding higher populations than other cultivars with damage comparable to that of resistant clones. (1982) measured a 10% reduction in photo-synthesis ofwinter-grown strawberry plants following 2250 mite days per leaflet, but Hall and Ferree (1975) reported a 26% reduction in photosynthesis of greenhouse-grown ap-ple trees following only 135 mite days per leaf. Mites damaged epidermal cells on the lower leaf surface, but did not damage major vascular elements of the leaf. 0000015939 00000 n
Predator females reared on each cultivar were placed individually in experimental units, and the number of eggs per day was counted during 3 days. Damage can be seen as chlorosis of the leaves where the mites have been feeding. Cyhexatin significantly reduced mite populations on all cultivars. The resistance of Del Norte was inherted by its progeny when crossed with Siletz, WSU 1019, and 'Olympus.'. The glandular hairiness affected neither consumption nor fecundity of N. californicus. In this manner, 17 bean, 6 cucumber, 4 tomato and 6 strawberry varieties were tested. 1 0 obj To Mite population development and plant damage were monitored on a weekly basis for 6 wk on initially infested and subsequently colonized leaves. Highly susceptible clones appear to be more pubescent than those that are less susceptible. Injury was more extensive at the higher densities and resulted in destruction of the spongy mesophyll and substantial injury to the lower palisade layer. The experiments were carried out with six day old female bugs by recording the predator direction towards each of the Y-tube olfactometer arms and through three dependent replicates consisted of 15 replicates each. A technique for testing varietal susceptibility to the mite T urticae. Mortality was higher at the larval stage and reached more nas folhas e flores. 1. Strawberry, Fragaria X ananassa Duchesne, seedlings were screened in a greenhouse for resistance to Tetranychus urticae Koch on the basis of visible leaf injury. Mite counts made in the field substantiated the greenhouse findings. 34 0 obj<>stream
The immature development time was also longer on ‘Camarosa.’ Females The refuge index for the prey decreased with predator density and was higher at greenhouse scale than at plant scale, both at similar predator densities. 0000007465 00000 n
<< Percent leaflet area scarred by mite feeding was correlated with increasing mite infestation levels. Significant differences appeared, and some strawberry varieties may even be considered as totally 'resistant' to Tetranychus urticae. %%EOF
On the lower surface, infestations of 24.4 and 46.1 mite-days/cm2 significantly reduced chlorophyll content compared to the mite-free control. Introduction. /Type /Page endstream
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Significantly lower values of intrinsic rate of increase (rm), finite rate of increase (λ) and net reproductive rate >> Control effects of the two-spotted spider mite by release. Co-Advisers: Madelaine Venzon, Raul Narciso C. Guedes, Eraldo Rodrigues de Lima e Jose Cola Zanuncio. The development time and fecundity of T. urticae did not differ among high and low hairiness cultivars. 0000002533 00000 n
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The number of prey consumed per day per female of N. californicus differed between cultivars and time. All rights reserved. 1 Graduate Student. Hamilton Gomes de Oliveira, D.Sc., Universidade Federal de Viçosa, november, 2006. al. of the predatory mite were shown. 0000002305 00000 n
A fertilized female was transferred to a leaf dish (n=50 repetitions) and was removed after a period of 12 hours and evaluations were done every 12 hours recording the incubation period, length of immature stage, longevity and fecundity of adults and viability of these stages. L'ajustement à une fonction sigmoïde et la comparaison des valeurs d'intervalles de confiance à l'asymptote en permettent le traitement statistique. (Ro) were determined on ‘IAC Princesa Isabel’ and IAC 1.13. All cultivars observed were capable of supporting high populations of mites. 'Chandler' and 'Selva' demonstrated resistance patterns which were intermediate. %PDF-1.4
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testes, a cultivar "Pink Snow" apresentou maior abundância significativa. 0000001724 00000 n
Two experiments were conducted in Florida to determine the tolerance of 4 strawberry cultivars to Tetranychus urticae Koch by comparing populations of mites on plants treated or not treated with cyhexatin for mite control. Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil, Resistance of New Strawberry Genotypes to the Two-Spotted Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae), Consumption Rate and Predatory Preference of the Predaceous Mite, Neoseiulus californicus to Tetranychus urticae and Eotetranychus lewisi on Strawberry in California, USA, Control of mites in strawberry integrated production system. Twospotted spider mites, Tetranychus urticae Koch. Development time, survival from egg to adult, and fecundity of T. urticae differed among cultivars. Differences were detected in the numbers of eggs laid on individual strawberry cultivars tested, but, as with the F. chiloensis clones, the results of the experiments showed inconsistencies. 32 0 obj<>
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'Rainier', which supported high populations and demonstrated high overall damage values, was susceptible. Mesophyll cells adjacent to damaged regions showed no ultrastruc-tural distortion or disruption of chloroplasts. The mite mainly feeds on leaves; usually on the underside, but can also cause direct economic damage when feed on fruits, flowers and on tips of shoots. Besides, surviving predators became unable to detect volatiles from infested plants with T. urticae. So, spider mite control is done through acaricides application in the area studied. No reductions in the numbers of eggs laid were found in the species of Potentilla tested. << 0000074746 00000 n
Resistance to the twos potted spider mite appears to be qualitative because it is conditioned by different mechanisms among cultivars. 0000004756 00000 n
facilitate the interpretation of the results, leaf trichomes of each genotype were quantified. Plants were infested with a homogeneous density of females per unit of leaf area. 2010), Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) (TSSM; two-spotted spider mite) is the most economically important plant-feeding pest mite in the world (Van Leeuwen et al. T. urticae populations exhibited density variations that were followed, with some, Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of site-specific tactics for management of the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, a major pest of greenhouse and field-grown strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne). Mite-damaged spongy and palisade parenchyma cells had coagulated protoplasts, with some cells devoid of cellular contents. 2012). KEY WORDS: host plant, legumes, life table, Tetranychus urticae The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari, Tetranychidae) is one of the most serious agricultural pests in the world. 0000001967 00000 n
2006, Naher et al. /Rotate 0 In Brazil, field studies showed that the indigenous predatory mite Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks) is constantly found associated with spider mites in strawberry crops in the Minas Gerais state. The oviposition preference of the red mite Oligonychus yothersi McGregor was evaluated under laboratory in 52 Paraguay tea progenies and one control collected in a local farm. In laboratory conditions (24°C), > 99% mite increase potential was already expressed on d 12 of the oviposition period. defensivemechanisms, which in turn influence the behavior of herbivores. Attacked leaves are initially discolored and may later dry and become totally covered with webbing, leading to up to 80% yield reduction and lower fruit quality (Park & Lee, 2005;Fraulo, Mcsorley, & Liburd, 2008). 0000013270 00000 n
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/Contents [9 0 R 10 0 R 11 0 R 12 0 R 13 0 R 14 0 R] /Pages 2 0 R 0000006569 00000 n
2 Associate Professor, Electron Microscopy Labo-ratory. The number of eggs laid and the time for development from egg to adult were similar overall on newly-propagated plants and one year old plants that had experienced dormancy and chilling. An economic analysis demonstrated a significant cost savings (75.3 %) with site-specific treatments of N. californicus compared with whole-plot application of N. californicus. Fecundity of newly molted and mated females was recorded during the first 10 days of oviposition. %PDF-1.4 According to detrimental and propitious effect on T. urticae and N. californicus performance, respectively, we concluded that Festival and Albión could be used along with this predator in T. urticae management programs. TaylorÕs b and IwaoÕs ß values were greater than 1 for both populations, this indicating aggregation. The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, is commonly Similarly, a 24.7 % reduction in cost was achieved in using site-specific bifenazate compared with whole-plot application of bifenazate. /ExtGState 7 0 R >> The body of a spider mite is separated into two distinct parts: (1) the gnathosoma and (2) the idiosoma. McGregor mite (Tetranychus mcdanieli McGregor) damaged apple leaf cells Received for publication 17 Oct. 1989. Reduction in leaflet chlorophyll content by twospotted spider mite feeding was more evident on the lower leaflet surfaces where mites fed. parâmetros foram realizadas amostragens de abril de 2011 a fevereiro de 2012. 0000005644 00000 n
found on strawberry crops (Fragaria x ananassa). Dear Vaccinologist, 0000074501 00000 n
It was evaluated i) the capacity of P. macropilis to control local population of T. urticae, ii) the lethal and sublethal effects of the acaricides abamectin and dimethoate on T. urticae and iii) studied by use of olfactory experiment, acaricides effects on the capacity of the P. macropilis to detect volatiles from strawberry infested plants with T. urticae. On some clones of F. chiloensis significantly fewer eggs were laid than on the standard, cv. 4 0 obj 0000000016 00000 n
���7�s��z�v,E�X��E"Eݎ"����N�nO�D�L-��\H�Z���c�y�I&��ʀ���+@��0a۶&�b�Jk0]%�_֏+tl� ��@v��9~q�K��1S��y9�8L=�»ӳ�:�1���Ȝ�,.������ȴ�³���R7-R��]X)P�Py1|�Lb�~5�Z �ͪ���Ո������+�f/�3x�x�Ag9����?G�-��M�.��G�M�s��_y���k�� The recorded viability above 90% was not influenced by the different cultivars during all the development phases. In general terms, N. californicus exhibited lower aggregation than T. urticae. Le but de ce travail était de mettre au point une méthode rapide et fiable conduisant à une caractérisation de la sensibilité variétale aux tétranyques. 0000001299 00000 n
'Rainier', which supported high populations and demonstrated high overall damage values, was susceptible. the two-spotted spider mite, by assessing injury level, biological parameters and host preference of the mite. Results for the varieties correlated closely with field experience of commercial growers: 'Shasta' and similar highly susceptible clones were highly susceptible in the tests, and 'Lassen' and similar less susceptible clones were significantly less susceptible; consistent with this, mite buildup was less on Lassen derivatives than on Shasta derivatives. laid more eggs on ‘Seascape’ (8.4 eggs/day), and the least on ‘Camarosa’ Em todas as variedades o maior número de T. urticae Significant differences in stomatal opening occurred between mite-infested and mite-free leaflets with the majority (61%) of the stomata closed in infested tissues. Os endobj Mites assayed in "Tainung 01" cultivar showed a shorter duration of the egg, larva, protonymph and egg-adult. 0000003559 00000 n
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Biological control using naturally occurring predators has been attempted. The curve of cumulated fecundity, limited to 12 d, and particularly the size of the F1 generation, constitute useful criteria for determining susceptible and resistant varieties. Anthocoridae) on the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) in presence or absence of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.). 'Canoga' and 'Profumata di Tortona' showed hypersensitive responses to relatively low populations. 0000010598 00000 n
Plants were infested with a homogeneous density of females per unit of leaf area. cultivares. After fitting a logistic function and comparing asymptotic confidence intervals, a statistical analysis could be performed. 0000012489 00000 n
Elsanta, in no-choice tests, and fewer eggs were laid on clone DL-40 than 'Elsanta' in a choice test. Dès lors, la courbe de fécondité cumulée, limitée à 12 j (24°C), et plus particulièrement l'effectif en première génération, peuvent servir de critères pour classer les variétés selon leur sensibilité au phytophage. Join ResearchGate to find the people and research you need to help your work. Only 'IAC Guarani' of the Brazilian cultivars included in the present work was susceptible to T. urticae, whereas 'IAC Campinas' and 'IAC Princesa Isabel' seem to have levels of resistance similar to the best cultivars developed for this purpose. In this context, the purpose of this study was to develop a rapid and reliable technique for evaluating strain susceptibility to spider mites. Results of the present study suggest that N. californicus is a promising established natural enemy for controlling T. urticae on strawberry. N. californicus had values of I higher than unity in 86.7% (G1) and 53.8% (G2) of the cases. In 57.7% of progenies there was escape of some mites (10 to 40%), and in 10 of these progenies no eggs were laid. 0000008820 00000 n
10 0 obj Optimum release times for P. persimilis were investigated by case studies. However, some cultivars, and clone DL-40, gave results significantly different from 'Elsanta' for these parameters. ácaros foram obtidos a partir de flores e folhas retiradas de cada uma das The cost of publishing&this paper was defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. Non-preference of the red mite Oligonychus yothersi McGregor (Acari : Tetranychidae) for oviposition on leaves of Paraguay tea progenies (Ilex paraguariensis), Population fluctuation of spider mite Tetranychus urticae in different production systems of strawberry, Abundância e sazonalidade do ácaro-rajado em cultivares de gérbera Abundance and seasonality of two-spotted spider mite on gerbera cultivars, Biology of the Two-Spotted Spider Mite on Strawberry Plants, Biological parameters and life table of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) at papaya cultivars, Performance of Tetranychus urticae and Neoseiulus californicus on strawberry cultivars and assessment of the effect of glandular trichomes, Surface and Ultrastructural Feeding Injury to Strawberry Leaves by the Twospotted Spider Mite, Integrated control of two-spotted mite on strawberry runner beds, Resistance to two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae in strawberry cultivars and wild species of Fragaria and Potentilla, In Vitro Screening of 76 Strawberry Cultivars for Twospotted Spider Mite Resistance, Resistance of Strawberries to the Twospotted Spider Mite, Twospotted Spider Mite Resistance of Washington Strawberries, Host-Pest Relationships Between the Twospotted Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) and Strawberry Cultivars with Differing Levels of Resistance, Tolerance of Strawberry Cultivars to Twospotted Spider Mites in F1orida, Morphological Responses of Strawberry Leaves to Infestations of Twospotted Spider Mite, Twospotted Spider Mite Resistance in California Strawberries1,2,3. At life table parameters and fertility, presented smaller Ro, rm and λ, and larger Td. De cette façon, 17 variétés de haricot, 6 variétés de concombre, 4 variétés de tomate et 6 variétés de fraisier ont été étudiées. The spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) is a pest of strawberry, cosmopolitan and widespread distributed, causing damage throughout the cycle. the two-spotted spider mite, ... 'Albion' and 'Oso Grande' are commonly used by growers of southeastern Brazil. 'IAC Guarani' and 'IAC Princesa Isabel' are cultivars not used commercially anymore, but they were used respectively as susceptible and resistant controls, ... After 15 and 30 days, injury caused by the mite was evaluated, assigning a grade to each plant based on the scale of. the cultivars ‘Camarosa,’ ‘Diamante,’ and ‘Seascape’ were the ones that The mechanism of this tolerance in strawberry has not been characterized. << Strawberry plants have Strawberry plants are often heavily infested and suffer severe damage by T. urticae (Sato et al., 2001). The Del Norte clone of Fragaria chiloensis (L.) Duchesne was the most resistant, based on ratings of visible leaf damage. 0
Hot, dry weather is conducive to spider mite outbreaks. There were no significant differences among cultivars in the number of mites present. trailer
(van de Vrie et al., 1972; Khanjani, 2005). In the first group, 60.7% of progenies were less oviposited while a higher number of eggs/female than the control was verified in 39.3% of them. There were differences in mite populations on the cultivars but mite populations and leaf damage were poorly correlated. Development time and survival of T. urticae from egg to adult were recorded on Albión, Aromas, Camarosa, Diamante, Festival, Kp, Sabrosa, Selva, Sweet Charlie, and Whitney. The experiment was conducted from May to November 2008 in commercial fields in Brazil. Mite population development and plant damage were monitored on a weekly basis for 6 wk on initially, La résistance variétale constitue un élément important du contrôle intégré du tétranyque tisserand ; il s'agit du moyen de lutte assurément le moins coûteux et le plus facile à appliquer pour l'horticulteur. /Parent 5 0 R The performance of eighteen strawberry clones was evaluated in relation to resistance to the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch. Chlorophyll content of upper leaflet surfaces was not significantly reduced by mite feeding from the lower surface. mostly affected the survival, development, and reproduction of T. urticae. This with respect to the working conditions and lives of human beings and in addition to produce safer food.
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