The different cellular types have specific roles in the cyclical digestive process (Hirsch & Jacobs, 1992; Gibson & Barker; Sousa & Petriella). It is important to emphasize that the function of each cell type in the hepatopancreas during the digestive cycle is not yet established for decapods. Connective tissue of the digestive gland. It has two separate halves, which are connected ventrally to the midgut at the junction of the stomach and at the midgut by a principal tubule. & Nott, J. D. M-"midget" cells and the moult cycle in Penaeus semisulcatus (Crustacea: Decapoda). 1957. The digestive system. Mar. 2C and D), B-cell (blisterlike) (Figs. U. K., 68:323-31,1988. It is important to emphasize that the function of each cell type in the hepatopancreas during the digestive cycle is not yet established for decapods. [ Links ], Arnaud, J.; Brunet, M. & Mazza, J. Es importante enfatizar que la función de cada tipo celular del hepatopancreas no está todavía aclarada para los decápodos. In P. semisulcatus (Al-Mohanna & Nott, 1989) and P. vannamei (Caceci et al), R-cells are observed throughout the length of hepatopancreatic tubule. The metabolism and the histological and histochemical changes of the hepatopancreas are observed in response to physiological demands: moult, reproduction, digestive process (Icely & Nott; Vogt et al., 1985; Johnston et al.). Each experimental unit consisted of a 1000-L tank which was provided with aeration and a 10-L biological filter. Post-ecdysial histology and histochemical changes in the hepatopancreas and integumental tissues. Dirección General de Bibliotecas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Citoarquitectura del hepatopáncreas del camarón Artemesia longinaris Bate (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeidae) F-cells are found throughout the length of the hepatopancreatic tubules in M. amazonicum. * Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, SP, Brazil and Aquaculture Center, CAUNESP/ UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil. In M. amazonicum, the morphological and functional unit corresponds to the hepatopancreatic tubule, which is also called here the hepatopancreatic lobule. London, Churchill Livingstone, 2005. (Ed. A considerable reduction in feed intake, weight gain, and survival, as well as necrosis of the hepatopancreas (Boonyaratpalin et al. 38, No. Study analyzes samples of microsporidia-infected shrimp in Madagascar, Mozambique and Saudi Arabia and … Thirty adult male and female M. amazonicum were selected and randomly transferred to five experimental units (six individuals per experimental unit). 1928. In: Harrison, F. W. [ Links ], Johnston, D. J.; Alexander, C. G. & Yellowhfes, D. Epithelial cytology and function in the digestive gland of Thenus orientalis (Decapoda, Scyllaridae). Scale bar in A = 40μm, in B = 10μm, in C = 4μm, in D = 8μm and in E = 4μm. In contrast, in P. semisulcatus (Al-Mohanna & Nott, 1989) and P. vannamei (Caceci et al), F-cells are observed only in the proximal and medial regions of the hepatopancreatic tubules. [ Links ], Valenti, W. C, Franceschini-Vicentini, I. [ Links ], Ross, M. H. & Pawlina, W. Histology. It has received different names from which hepatopancreas is the most accepted (Van Weel, 1974). The stratified columnar epithelium of the pyloric stomach abruptly changes to the pseudostratified epithelium of the principal tubule of the hepatopancreas (Fig. Biol. 3439 Rev.MVZ Córdoba 18(2):3439-3443, 2013. After this, the stomach and midgut (hepatopancreas and intestine) were removed and fixed in Bouin's fluid for 48 h, and then embedded in paraplast (Oxford, USA). Por lo tanto, se requiere conocer la estructura histológica del hepatopancreas con el fin de reunir información morfológica para futuros estudios que consideren las necesidades nutricionales para el cultivo de los camarones de agua dulce. E-mail address: ibfv@fc.unesp.br, Received: 26-08-2008 Accepted: 02-12-2008, Todo el contenido de esta revista, excepto dónde está identificado, está bajo una Licencia Creative Commons. Aquaculture, 48:1-12, 1985. The lobes of the hepatopancreas of M. amazonicum constitute a compact organ, but in Astacus astacus each lobe consists of an open network of tubules (Vogt et al., 1989). However, B-cells of P. semisulcatus (Al-Mohanna & Nott, 1986) and Botryllus schlosseri (Burighel & Milanesi, 1977) have intracellular digestion, assimilation of the nutrients in the hemolymph, and elimination of the residual digestion products in the hepatopancreatic tubular lumen. Assoc. 2000. ), Microscopic Anatomy of Invertebrates, Volume 10. (Ed. 1. The secondary tubules branch extensively into blind-ended hepatopancreatic tubules. The dorsal and ventral secondary tubules derive from the medial portion of the principal tubule (Fig. ® Derechos reservados. Histochemistry, 97:373-81, 1989. They are classified as E- (embryonic), R- (resorptive), F- (fibrillar) and B- (blisterlike) cells, according to the scheme proposed for the hepatopancreas of some decapods (Jacobs, 1992; Hirsch & Jacobs). According to what is defined as a lobe in anatomical literature (Drake et al, 2005), in M. amazonicum there is a thin fibrous septum between the right and left halves. It is also involved in the synthesis of digestive enzymes (Icely & Nott, 1992). [ Links ], Gibson, R. & Barker, P. L. The decapod hepatopancreas. Sometimes, these small vacuoles seem to be released by apocrine secretion. ), Microscopic Anatomy of Invertebrates, Volume 10. 2A). (Ed. Longitudinal sections (15 |jm thick) were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. 1). Por lo tanto, la unidad morfofuncional del hepatopancreas consiste en un túbulo hepatopancreático de fondo ciego, considerado en esta investigación como lóbulo hepatopancreático. 1985. 1960. *** Aquaculture Center, CAUNESP/UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil. In M. amazonicum, the basophilic cytoplasm is very evident. [ Links ], Vogt, G. Histologie und Cytologie der Mittieldarmrilse von Penaeus monodon (Decapoda). The right and left halves are thereby known as right and left hepatopancreatic lobes in M. amazonicum. They are easily observed in the distal region, next to the E-cells. Similar results are described for Penaeus spp. [ Links ], Sousa, L. G. & Petriella, A. M. Histology of the hepatopancreas of the freshwater prawn Palaemonetes argentinus (Crustacea, Caridea). In M. amazonicum, the secretory mechanism of B-cells is described as apocrine. (Ed. Thus, the hepatopancreas structure should be recognized to provide important morphological information to future studies involving the nutrition requirements of freshwater prawn culture. Macrobrachium amazonicum is widely distributed in estuaries and mainly interior areas, from Venezuela to Argentina. (Ed. & Pezzato, L. E. The potential for Macrobrachium amazonicum culture. Cada lóbulo hepatopancreático puede ser dividido en 3 regiones: distal, media y proximal, y en su totalidad, se observa revestido por epitelio seudo estratificado que reúne cinco tipos celulares: célula E (embrionaria), célula F (fibrilar), célula B (globosa), célula R (reabsortiva) y célula M (basal). For microscopic studies, 10 animals had their hepatopancreas removed, fixed in 10% buffered formalin and embedded in Historesin (Leica, Germany). In M. amazonicum, E-cells are observed at the blind distal end and are involved in mitotic activity. September 9, 2019 The microsporidium Perezia sp. (D) B-cell has a large vacuole encompassed by a thin layer of cytoplasm. The right and left halves are not connected to each other, but they are connected separately to the intestine through the corresponding principal tubule. IV. [ Links ], Lovett, D. L. & Felder, D. L. Ontogeny of gut morphology in the white shrimp Penaeus setiferus (Decapoda, Penaeidae). 1). RESUMEN: La glándula digestiva en los crustáceos decápodos asume las funciones de digestión, absorción de nutrientes, almacenamiento de las reservas energéticas y excreción de metabolitos. [ Links ], New, M. B. They have a round and prominent nucleus that occupies most of the basophilic cytoplasm, lack brush border and are mainly located at the distal zone of the hepatopancreatic tubules (Fig. [ Links ], Travis, D. The molting cycle of the spiny lobster Panulirus argus Latreille. & O'Hara, S. C. M. Cyclical contributions of the digestive epithelium to faecal pellet formation by the copepod Calanus helgolandicus. PALABRAS CLAVE: Hepatopancreas; Morfología; Decápodo; Macrobrachium amazonicum. ), Microscopic Anatomy of Invertebrates, Volume 10. In: Annals of the World Aquaculture. Basic Appl. 1. Water was continuously circulated through the biological filter to maintain low levels of ammonia and nitrite. New York, Wiley-Liss, 1992. Studies on the midgut of Centropages typicus (Copepod, Calanoid). ORIGINAL Microbiota of Vibrio sp. The epithelial lining rests on a thin but distinct basal membrane which forms the boundaries of the hemolymph spaces between tubules. El órgano presenta dos mitades, derecha y izquierda, las cuales están envueltas por una cápsula de tejido conjuntivo, y al mismo tiempo, separadas por tejido conectivo intersticial. These characteristics are coincident with those observed in decapod species (Al-Mohanna & Nott, 1989; Petriella & Fonalleras, 1998; Souza & Petriella). Histoarchitectural Features of the Hepatopancreas of the Amazon River Prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum . Fueran utilizados 30 animales, machos y hembras de Macrobrachium amazonicum, producidos a partir de reproductores colectados en el Estado de Para, Brasil. Aquaculture Res., 36:210-30, 2005. [ Links ], Drake, R.; Vogl, W. & Mitchell, A. W. M. Gray's Anatomy for Students. In M. amazonicum, only one lobe was observed in each half of the hepatopancreas. New York, Wiley-Liss, 1992. New York, Wiley-Liss, 1992. History and global status of freshwater prawn farming. R-cells absorb nutrients from the lumen and function in the storage of lipid droplets and glycogen (Souza & Petriella). [ Links ], Vogt, G. Differentiation of B-cells in the hepatopancreas of the prawn Penaeus monodon. - In: New, M. B. 2C). Thus the hepatopancreas structure should be recognized to provide important morphological information to future studies involving the nutrition requirements of freshwater prawn culture. El metabolismo y las alteraciones histológicas e histoquímicas son observados como respuesta a necesidades fisiológicas, tales como: muda, reproducción y procesos digestivos. Abbreviations: PT, principal tubules; CR, cranial secondary tubule; D, dorsal secondary tubule; V, ventral secondary tubule; CA, caudal secondary tubule; asterisks, blind-ended hepatopancreatic tubule; arrowhead, hepatopancreatic gastric junction. B-cells are responsible for intracellular digestion, concentrating the absorbed materials in the large vacuole (Al-Mohanna & Nott, 1986), and secreting the vacuolar content at the end of the digestive process (Souza & Petriella). (Vogt, 1992; Lovett & Felder, 1989) and Caridina leaves (Pillai, 1992). Oceanogr. The apocrine secretion is probably due to the intracellular digestion of the nutrients and consequently extrusion of the digestive products into the tubular lumen. F-cells have a basophilic cytoplasm (Fig. The hepatopancreas is concerned with the digestion, absorption of nutrients, storage of reserves and excretion (Johnston et al., 1998; Sousa & Petriella, 2000). Each duct branches into many hepatopancreatic tubules, which comprise the hepatopancreas (Johnston et al; Souza & Petriella). B-cells are the largest cell type in the hepatopancreas and have a large vacuole encompassed by a thin layer of cytoplasm (Fig. A round nucleus is located towards the central or basal region of the cell (Fig. 2A and C), and M-cell (midgut or basal) (Fig. De otra forma, requiere permiso previo por escrito de la institución. Histoarchitectural Features of the Hepatopancreas of the Amazon River Prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum, Histoarquitectura del Hepatopáncreas del Camarón de la Amazonia Macrobrachium amazonicum, *Irene Bastos Franceschini-Vicentini; **Karina Ribeiro; *Luciene Patrici Papa; *Julio Marques Junior; *Carlos Alberto Vicentini & ***Patricia Maria Contente Moraes Valenti. This septum subdivides the compact hepatopancreas into right and left lobes, and no other subdivision is observed in the hepatopancreatic parenchyma, except the connective tissue that surrounds the hepatopancreatic tubules. Comp. Biochem. Each hepatopancreatic tubule consists of different cell types, which include the E-cell (embryonic), R-cell (resorptive), F-cell (fibrillar), B-cell (blisterlike) and M-cell (midget or basal) (Gibson & Barker; Al-Mohanna & Nott, 1987,1989; Caceci et al., 1988; Icely & Nott). At the hepatopancreatic gastric junction, the lining pseudostratified epithelium of the stomach ends abruptly, and the absorptive and secretory pseudostratified epithelium of the hepatopancreatic principal tubule begins (arrowhead). R-cells are the most common cell type in the hepatopancreatic tubules of M. amazonicum. E-cells are cuboidal and undifferentiated and undergo cell division (Fig. This work was supported by a Grant of the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológio - CNPq (140151/2003-6 and 131456/2004-0). Annu. [ Links ], Pillai, R. S. Studies on the shrimp Caridina laevis (Heller). Assoc. Assoc. However, in Homarus americanus (Icely & Nott), the hepatopancreas is described as having three lobes, each one covered by an outer layer of connective tissue, on each side of the body (Factor & Naar, 1985). In the Centropagis typicus (Arnaud et al, 1978, 1984a, 1984b) and Calanus helgolandicus (Nott et al, 1985) at the end of the digestive process, B-cells disintegrate into the lumen, and it is believed that the digestion-derived nutrients are released for resorption by R-cells. The hepatopancreatic tubuleis lined by a pseudostratified epithelium showing E-cell, B-cell and R-cell; (B) E-cells are cuboidal with a round nucleus (arrowhead) and undergo cell division; (C) R-cell is cylindrical with subapical vacuoles and the nucleus is located at the basal region of the cell. The morphological and functional unit consists of a blind-ended hepatopancreatic tubule, considered in the present study as the hepatopancreatic lobule (Fig. The cranial and caudal secondary tubules originate at their respective portions of the principal tubule (Fig. KEY WORDS: Hepatopancreas; Morphology; Decapoda; Macrobrachium amazonicum. [ Links ], Vogt, G; Stocker, W & Zwilling, R. Biosynthesis of Astacus proteases, a digestive enzyme from crayfish. At the hepatopancreatic gastric junction, the lining pseudostratified epithelium of the stomach ends abruptly, and the absorptive and secretory pseudostratified epithelium of the hepatopancreatic principal tubule begins (Fig. R-cells occur throughout most of the medial and proximal tubular zones. The hepatopancreatic tubule is lined by a pseudostratified epithelium that consists of five different cell types, which include the E-cell (embryonic) (Figs. New York, Wiley-Liss, 1992. The morphological and functional unit consists of a blind-ended hepatopancreatic tubule, considered in the present study as the hepatopancreatic lobule. Las observaciones macro y microscópicas permitieron concluir que el hepatopancreas del M. amazonicum es un órgano grande y compacto de color amarillo tendiendo a marrón, que ocupa la mayor parte de la cavidad céfalo-torácica. They have a triangular shape with a round apical outline and do not appear to have a brush border, as they have no direct contact with the lumen (Fig. and cotton shrimp disease . In: Harrison, F W. They are cylindrical and have a conspicuous brush border (Fig. Al-Mohanna, S. Y.; Nott, J. J. Mar. SUMMARY: In decapod crustaceans, the digestive gland is concerned with the digestion, absorption of nutrients, the storage of reserves and excretion. Un estudio analiza muestras de camarones infectados con microsporidios en Madagascar, Mozambique y Arabia Saudita, y con signos clínicos de enfermedad de algodón del camarón. Histochem., 25:399-412, 1984b. [ Links ], Icely, J. D. & Nott, J. 2A). Compte rendu hebdomadaire des séances le I 'Academic des Sciences (ser III), 295:499-502, 1984a. J. Morphol, 184:311-21, 1985. Acta Zoológica, 74:51-40, 1993. Each hepatopancreatic tubule can be subdivided into distal, medial and proximal zones relative to the distance from the midgut, and is surrounded by laminar connective tissue and myoepithelial cells (Fig. The hepatopancreatic lobule in M. amazonicum is surrounded by a loose connective tissue that delimits the hemolymph sinuses which occupy most of the intertubular space. 1). revistas de investigación científica y social, Citoarquitectura del hepatopáncreas del camarón Artemesia longinaris Bate (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeidae), Distribution of articles by age of the cited document, Distribution of articles by cited document type. The locations of the cell types vary along the length of the hepatopancreatic tubules (Icely & Nott). B-cells are observed primarily in the medial and distal regions of the hepatopancreatic tubules of M. amazonicum. Second-generation M. amazonicum produced from wild broodstock collected in the state of Para in Brazil was used in this study. The principal tubule gives rise to four secondary tubules at each hepatopancreatic lobe (Fig. [ Links ], New, M. B. Freshwater prawn farming: global status, recent research and a glance at the future. This work was supported by a Grant of the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológio -CNPq (140151/2003-6 and 131456/2004-0) and FUNDUNESP. It has right and left halves that are enclosed together in a laminar connective tissue capsule, and at the same time they are separated by an interstitial connective tissue. The nucleus is restricted to the basal region of the cell and the apical cytoplasm contains numerous small vacuoles (Fig. In Homarus americanus, each lobe has a major collecting duct, and on each side of the animal the three collecting ducts lead into the major collecting duct that empties into the midgut (Factor, 1981; Factor & Naar, 1985). The nucleus is restricted to the basal region of the cell and the apical cytoplasm contains numerous small vacuoles that seem to be released by apocrine secretion. F-cells are described possessing a basophilic cytoplasm due to a high RNA content in P. argentinus (Souza & Petriella). Rev., 77:285-346, 1979. ), Microscopic Anatomy of Invertebrates, Volume 10. Ciudad Universitaria UNAM. 2B). For microscopic studies of the junction of the stomach and hepatopancreas, 10 animals were injected with India ink via the stomach in order to label the circulation of the fluids inside the hepatopancreas. Scale bar = 1OOμm. In North and Northeast Brazil, M. amazonicum is very important to artisan fisheries (New, 2000), and is the South American prawn with the greatest potential for aquaculture (New, 2005). Microbiota of Vibrio sp. (hepatopancreas and intestine) were removed and fixed in Bouin’s fluid for 48 h, and then embedded in paraplast (Oxford, USA). Las dos mitades del órgano son identificadas como lobos derecho e izquierdo. Physiol, 47:1-9,1974. In 2000, a multidisciplinary and multi-institucional program was begun to development a sustainable technology to produce M. amazonicum (Valenti et al, 2003), in which this work is inserted. In general, the organ occupies much of the cephalothoracic cavity and is connected to the pyloric stomach by two primary ducts. 1). Four cell types have been consistently identified in the epithelium of the decapod hepatopancreas. Biol. 2C). ), Microscopic Anatomy of Invertebrates, Volume 10. Carlos Chang Recommended for you. The sections were analyzed with an Olympus BX-50 microscope (Olympus, Japan). Health & Welfare . The hepatopancreatic tubule is lined by a pseudostratified epithelium that consists of five different cell types, which include the E-cell (embryonic), F-cell (fibrillar), B-cell (blister-like), R-cell (resorptive) and M-cell (midgut or basal). [ Links ], Al-Mohanna, S. Y & Nott, J. D. Function cytology of the hepatopancreas of Penaeus semisulcatus (Crustacea: Decapoda) during the moult cycle. Histological section of Macrobrachium amazonicum hepatopancreas (WE). :+55 14 3103-6078 Fax+55 14 3103-6092. Temperature was maintained 28.5 +1.5 C by heaters. F-cell is cylindrical with a round apical region that is prominent in the lumen and has a brush border. Biol. - In: Harrison, F W. Hepatopancreas autolysis could relate to brittleness of the organ’s cell membranes caused by oxidative stress from large levels of free radicals in the host animal when under stressful conditions. 5th ed. The sections were analyzed with an Olympus BX-50 microscope (Olympus, Japan). I. Teil: Methodik und Technik, 1928. The animals were maintained in the experimental units and received no food for 48 h. After this period, they were killed by thermal shock. 2A and D), R-cell (resorptive) (Figs. Crustaceana, 48:260-8, 1985. 2E). "é ". B. Original documents can be consulted at the Departamento de Información y Servicios Documentales, located in the Annex to the General Directorate of Libraries (DGB), circuito de la Investigación Científica across from the Auditorium Nabor Carrillo, located between the Institutes of Physics and Astronomy. Cada lobo presenta un túbulo principal que origina cuatro túbulos secundarios. New York, Wiley-Liss, 1992. pp.147-201. In: Harrison, F. W. These cells occur in the proximal and medial region of the tubules.
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