Nach einem halbjährigen Aufenthalt in den USA, wo er sich vor allem erholte und einige Vorträge hielt, kehrte Rabindranath im April 1913 noch einmal nach England zurück, bevor er im Oktober 1913 nach Indien heimkehrte. Ein ideologischer Anknüpfungspunkt war eine der Bengalischen Renaissance vergleichbare Kulturbewegung auf Java, die sich Boedi Oetomo („edelstes Streben“) nannte. Sukumar Ray | [29] Tagore loathed formal education—his scholarly travails at the local Presidency College spanned a single day. Rabindranath bereiste sowohl alleine als auch mit seiner Familie Nordindien und erlebte eine Phase hoher schöpferischer Produktivität. [176] It is the house in which Tagore was born. 1947: Das Postamt – Bearbeitung (Wort) und Regie: 1949: Das Postamt – Regie: Nicht angegeben (. Among these Tagore highlights "identity [...] conceived of as dharma."[108]. F. Mistral/Echegaray (1904) | [77][154][155] Bengali culture is fraught with this legacy: from language and arts to history and politics. He co-founded Dartington Hall School, a progressive coeducational institution;[158] in Japan, he influenced such figures as Nobel laureate Yasunari Kawabata. [82] A week after his 6 November 1924 arrival in Buenos Aires,[83] an ill Tagore shifted to the Villa Miralrío at the behest of Victoria Ocampo. Kertész (2002) | 1956: Das Postamt – Bearbeitung (Wort), Komposition und Regie: 1961: Das Postamt – Komposition: Rabindranath Tagore; Bearbeitung (Wort) und Regie: Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 12. Sie besuchten zunächst einen kleinen Familienbesitz bei Bolpur, außerdem den Goldenen Tempel in Amritsar und den Himalaya. Verseivel nagy hírnévre tett szert, bengáli és a külföldi olvasók részéről egyaránt. Lively English, Irish, and Scottish folk tunes impressed Tagore, whose own tradition of Nidhubabu-authored kirtans and tappas and Brahmo hymnody was subdued. [13], The original surname of the Tagores was Kushari. Canetti (1981) | [50] He gained Bengali and foreign readers alike; he published Naivedya (1901) and Kheya (1906) and translated poems into free verse. Tagore, R. , Collected Poems and Plays of Rabindranath Tagore, Macmillan Publishing (published Ianuario 1952), ISBN 978-0-02-615920-3 Tagore, R. , Some Songs and Poems from Rabindranath Tagore, East-West Publications, ISBN 978-0-85692-055-4 He maintained that, even for those at the extremes of poverty, "there can be no question of blind revolution"; preferable to it was a "steady and purposeful education". [69][70] The date is still mourned. Elytis (1979) | It affirmed his opinion that human divisions were shallow. This period was among Tagore's most fecund, yielding more than half the stories contained in the three-volume Galpaguchchha, which itself is a collection of eighty-four stories. He wrote his first original dramatic piece when he was twenty — Valmiki Pratibha which was shown at the Tagore's mansion. G. Mistral (1945) | Some controversies[f] involving Tagore, possibly fictive, trashed his popularity and sales in Japan and North America after the late 1920s, concluding with his "near total eclipse" outside Bengal. In the United States, Tagore's lecturing circuits, particularly those of 1916–1917, were widely attended and wildly acclaimed. The period 1891–1895, Tagore's Sadhana period, named after one of his magazines, was his most productive;[22] in these years he wrote more than half the stories of the three-volume, 84-story Galpaguchchha. nicht verliehen (1940–1943) | [7] Rabindranaths in dieser Periode entstandene Schulbücher gehören bis heute zur Pflichtlektüre in Bengalen. She had risen in an observant and sheltered traditional home, as had all her female relations. Hirak Rajar Deshe | Er unterrichtete oft selbst und bildete auch die von ihm engagierten Privatlehrer weiter. "[95], Known mostly for his poetry, Tagore wrote novels, essays, short stories, travelogues, dramas, and thousands of songs. Churchill (1953) | Even the translations of his prose works suffer, to some extent, from distortion. These began when Tagore lost consciousness in late 1937; he remained comatose and near death for a time. Hauptmann (1912) | Der Zweite Weltkrieg entfremdete ihn der europäischen Kultur, in seiner letzten Rede hieß es dennoch:[17], „Doch es ist eine Sünde, den Glauben an den Menschen zu verlieren; diesen Glauben werde ich bis zuletzt retten.“. August 1941 ebenda) war ein bengalischer Dichter, Philosoph, Maler, Komponist, Musiker und Brahmo-Samaj-Anhänger, der 1913 den Nobelpreis für Literatur erhielt und damit der erste asiatische Nobelpreisträger war. Tagore stated that his works sought to articulate "the play of feeling and not of action". The two-storey museum building has four rooms on the first floor and two rooms on the ground floor at present. [113][114] These, rediscovered and repopularised by Tagore, resemble 19th-century Kartābhajā hymns that emphasise inward divinity and rebellion against bourgeois bhadralok religious and social orthodoxy. It is currently located on the Rabindra Bharati University campus at 6/4 Dwarakanath Tagore Lane[175] Jorasanko, Kolkata 700007. Today my sack is empty. The SNLTR hosts the 1415 BE edition of Tagore's complete Bengali works. [65], Tagore's remit expanded to science in his last years, as hinted in Visva-Parichay, a 1937 collection of essays. [152][153], Every year, many events pay tribute to Tagore: Kabipranam, his birth anniversary, is celebrated by groups scattered across the globe; the annual Tagore Festival held in Urbana, Illinois (USA); Rabindra Path Parikrama walking pilgrimages from Kolkata to Santiniketan; and recitals of his poetry, which are held on important anniversaries. Die Rezeption seiner Werke war in Europa allerdings klischeehaft; Rabindranath wurde als „mystischer Heiliger aus dem Osten“ angesehen, was er in seiner Heimat nie war oder sein wollte – im Gegenteil hatte er ja stets eine kritische Haltung gegenüber dem traditionellen Hinduismus eingenommen. Tagore family had close connection with Dakkhindihi village. But painting eluded him. [2] He reshaped Bengali literature and music, as well as Indian art with Contextual Modernism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. [110], Besides Gitanjali, other notable works include Manasi, Sonar Tori ("Golden Boat"), Balaka ("Wild Geese" — the title being a metaphor for migrating souls)[111], Tagore's poetic style, which proceeds from a lineage established by 15th- and 16th-century Vaishnava poets, ranges from classical formalism to the comic, visionary, and ecstatic. The Sri Lanka's National Anthem was inspired by his work. García Márquez (1982) | [107] In it an Irish boy orphaned in the Sepoy Mutiny is raised by Hindus as the titular gora—"whitey". [63][64] Fifteen new volumes appeared, among them prose-poem works Punashcha (1932), Shes Saptak (1935), and Patraput (1936). The maternal ancestral home of the great poet was also situated at Dakkhindihi village, poets mother Sarada Sundari Devi and his paternal aunt by marriage Tripura Sundari Devi; was born in this village.Young tagore used to visit Dakkhindihi village with his mother to visit his maternal uncles in her mothers ancestral home. Saramago (1998) | He lectured against these, he penned Dalit heroes for his poems and his dramas, and he campaigned—successfully—to open Guruvayoor Temple to Dalits. Several prominent Western admirers—including Pound and, to a lesser extent, even Yeats—criticised Tagore's work. [136], Such views enraged many. Agantuk – Der Besucher, Zuletzt bearbeitet am 12. The event attracted over 5000 people. Mauriac (1952) | Rolland (1915) | In London trafen Vater und Sohn mit einer Reihe bekannter Künstler und Intellektueller zusammen, darunter William Butler Yeats, Ezra Pound, George Bernard Shaw und Ernest Rhys. Im Dezember 1901 gründete er dort eine Schule, in der sein ältester Sohn sowie zunächst vier weitere Kinder unterrichtet wurden. Devi | [45] Evidence produced during the Hindu–German Conspiracy Trial and latter accounts affirm his awareness of the Ghadarites, and stated that he sought the support of Japanese Prime Minister Terauchi Masatake and former Premier Ōkuma Shigenobu. [84] Their warm rapport ended when Tagore pronounced upon Il Duce's fascist finesse. Müller (2009) | Hamsun (1920) | 1933 schrieb er zum 100. [14][40] In 1880 he returned to Bengal degree-less, resolving to reconcile European novelty with Brahmo traditions, taking the best from each. There Tagore read biographies, studied history, astronomy, modern science, and Sanskrit, and examined the classical poetry of Kālidāsa. [8] At the age of sixteen, he released his first substantial poems under the pseudonym Bhānusiṃha ("Sun Lion"), which were seized upon by literary authorities as long-lost classics. He planted a tree and a bust statue was placed there in 1956 (a gift from the Indian government, the work of Rasithan Kashar, replaced by a newly gifted statue in 2005) and the lakeside promenade still bears his name since 1957. On the occasion of Tagore's 150th birthday, an anthology (titled Kalanukromik Rabindra Rachanabali) of the total body of his works is currently being published in Bengali in chronological order. His respect for scientific laws and his exploration of biology, physics, and astronomy informed his poetry, which exhibited extensive naturalism and verisimilitude. I cannot send you one single flower from this wealth of the spring, one single streak of gold from yonder clouds. His last five years were marked by chronic pain and two long periods of illness. [151] It inspired the fictional film Nobel Chor. Er war ein engagierter Kultur- und Sozialreformer sowie Universalgelehrter. India's National Gallery of Modern Art lists 102 works by Tagore in its collections. Rabindranath Tagore war Rays erste Dokumentarfilmarbeit. In den 1920er Jahren begannen Rabindranaths Reisen durch die Welt, bei denen er zahlreiche Kontakte mit westlichen Intellektuellen knüpfte und seine Gemälde ausstellte. Tokarczuk (2018) | Schließlich lehnte er aber den Vorschlag ab, weil er seine Kenntnisse des Englischen für unzulänglich hielt. [citation needed], On 14 July 1927 Tagore and two companions began a four-month tour of Southeast Asia. Nach seinen eigenen negativen Erfahrungen mit dem indischen Schulsystem machte sich Rabindranath die Erziehung seiner Kinder zur persönlichen Aufgabe. [155] Tagore's Bengali originals—the 1939 Rabīndra Rachanāvalī—is canonised as one of his nation's greatest cultural treasures, and he was roped into a reasonably humble role: "the greatest poet India has produced".[156]. Nach einer fehlgeschlagenen Operation im Juli 1941 starb Rabindranath am 7. There is such a massive vigour in that head that it reminds one of Michael Angelo's chisel." Influenced by the thumri style of Hindustani music, they ran the entire gamut of human emotion, ranging from his early dirge-like Brahmo devotional hymns to quasi-erotic compositions. [120] They emulated the tonal colour of classical ragas to varying extents. Inzwischen gilt er als „Vater der modernen Kunst Indiens“. Az apja 1905-ben hunyt el. [87] In early 1930 he left Bengal for a nearly year-long tour of Europe and the United States. Seine Schulzeit beschrieb Tagore später als bedrückend; der Junge war zwar schöpferisch hochbegabt, konnte sich der autoritären Lernumgebung seiner Zeit jedoch nur schwer anpassen. Clouds come floating into my life, no longer to carry rain or usher storm, but to add color to my sunset sky. Rabindranath Tagore (1861.-1941. This includes all versions of each work and fills about eighty volumes. Tagore also had an artist's eye for his own handwriting, embellishing the cross-outs and word layouts in his manuscripts with simple artistic leitmotifs. In the original Bengali language, such works included intricate subplots and extended monologues. [106], Gora raises controversial questions regarding the Indian identity. Rabindranath Tagore wurde als jüngstes von vierzehn Kindern in eine traditionsreiche Brahmanen-Familie geboren. [8] Ein Grund hierfür mag sein, dass Rabindranath durch seine Mitgliedschaft in einer Freimaurerloge, in die er „bereits in jungen Jahren initiiert“[9] worden war, durchaus einen Zugang zu jenen esoterischen Vorstellungen hatte, die manche mit ihm verbanden. Rabindranath Tagore, en bengalí রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর (Calcuta, 7 de mayo de 1861 - ibíd., 7 de agosto de 1941), fue un poeta bengalí, poeta filósofo del movimiento Brahmo Samaj (posteriormente convertido al hinduismo), artista, dramaturgo, músico, novelista y autor de canciones que fue premiado con el Premio Nobel de Literatura en 1913, convirtiéndose así en el primer laureado no europeo en obtener este … Vargas Llosa (2010) | Mo (2012) | He was influenced by the atavistic mysticism of Vyasa and other rishi-authors of the Upanishads, the Bhakti-Sufi mystic Kabir, and Ramprasad Sen.[112] Tagore's most innovative and mature poetry embodies his exposure to Bengali rural folk music, which included mystic Baul ballads such as those of the bard Lalon. Undset (1928) | Sein Engagement blieb jedoch gemäßigt und wurde nie chauvinistisch oder fundamentalistisch. Mai 2007. Civilisation must be judged and prized, not by the amount of power it has developed, but by how much it has evolved and given expression to, by its laws and institutions, the love of humanity. Da Ray die Übertragungen Tagor’scher Lyrik ins Englische für wenig gelungen hielt, verzichtete er auf Rezitationen von Gedichten Tagores. Pirandello (1934) | [4] Tagore's poetic songs were viewed as spiritual and mercurial; however, his "elegant prose and magical poetry" remain largely unknown outside Bengal. Zwei weitere Gedichtbände folgten in kurzer Folge 1913, teils von Rabindranath selbst, teils von bengalischen Mitarbeitern mehr oder weniger gelungen ins Englische übersetzt und von ihm autorisiert. [102] With this, Tagore effectively invented the Bengali-language short story genre. Le Clézio (2008) | [102] Such stories usually showcase Tagore's reflections upon his surroundings, on modern and fashionable ideas, and on interesting mind puzzles (which Tagore was fond of testing his intellect with). Tagore flaunts his feminist leanings; pathos depicts the plight and ultimate demise of women trapped by pregnancy, duty, and family honour; he simultaneously trucks with Bengal's putrescent landed gentry. [47] Tagore worked to popularise Lalon's songs. Die Familie zog 1901 auf den Familienbesitz Shantiniketan bei Bolpur, 150 Kilometer nordwestlich von Kolkata. Her abrupt suicide in 1884, soon after he married, left him profoundly distraught for years. Hardt (. Matharkula Manikkam/Charanadasi (1956, Tamil/Telugu) – Regie: Kshudista Pashan (1960) – Regie: Tapan Sinha, 1924: Rezitations-Abend: Das Postamt – Regie: Nicht angegeben (. Dezember 1920 aus New York; in: "Die indische Moderne als gewundener Pfad". Pamuk (2006) | Of Tagore's prose, his short stories are perhaps most highly regarded; he is indeed credited with originating the Bengali-language version of the genre. Zur Zeit der Jahrhundertwende entstanden die Novelle Das zerstörte Nest (1901) und der Roman Sand im Auge (1901), die beide die nur scheinbar heile Welt der indischen Großfamilie zum Thema haben und deren Hintergründe sozialkritisch beleuchten. "[61] To the end Tagore scrutinised orthodoxy—and in 1934, he struck. Er verfiel jedoch nicht in unkritische Nostalgie, sondern begann, seine Kraft für die Entwicklung der ländlichen Region einzusetzen. The resultant travelogues compose Jatri (1929). Das Heim und die Welt | Shaw (1925) | Gjellerup/Pontoppidan (1917) | Oktober 1913 aus Shantiniketan. Unterbrochen wurden seine pädagogischen Bestrebungen 1901 von politischen Unruhen in Bengalen. On in 1995, the local administration took charge of the house and on 14 Novembar of that year, the Rabindra Complex project was decided.Bangladesh Governments Department of Archeology has carried out the renovation work to make the house a museum titled ‘Rabindra Complex’ in 2011–12 fiscal year. The height of the roof from the floor on the ground floor is 13 feet. [61] Golding (1983) | He learned drawing, anatomy, geography and history, literature, mathematics, Sanskrit, and English—his least favourite subject. Heidenstam (1916) | Während ihm das Publikum in Deutschland große Begeisterung entgegenbrachte und seine Vorträge stets sehr gut besucht waren, erhielt er von deutschen Kollegen – etwa Thomas Mann – wenig bis überhaupt keine positive Resonanz. In 2016, a baul singer named Pradip Bauri accused of sheltering the thieves was arrested and the prize was returned. Apus Weg ins Leben: Apus Welt | The play Dak Ghar (The Post Office'; 1912), describes the child Amal defying his stuffy and puerile confines by ultimately "fall[ing] asleep", hinting his physical death. It contains elements of satire and postmodernism and has stock characters who gleefully attack the reputation of an old, outmoded, oppressively renowned poet who, incidentally, goes by a familiar name: "Rabindranath Tagore". Bei zeitgenössischen Künstlern stießen sie auf Unverständnis und Ablehnung, aber die folgende Künstlergeneration sah ihn als Vorbild an. Tagore was a man ahead of his time. Three in India and five in Bangladesh: Jorasanko Thakur Bari (Bengali: House of the Thakurs; anglicised to Tagore) in Jorasanko, north of Kolkata, is the ancestral home of the Tagore family. August 1941 in seinem Geburtshaus. Buck (1938) | His father died in 1905. [86], On 1 November 1926 Tagore arrived to Hungary and spent some time on the shore of Lake Balaton in the city of Balatonfüred, recovering from heart problems at a sanitarium. [14], Surrounded by several painters Rabindranath had always wanted to paint. Der Tod einer seiner wichtigsten Bezugspersonen aus frühester Kindheit beeinflusste über lange Jahre sein Werk. [79] He denounced nationalism. Tagore was influenced numerous styles, including scrimshaw by the Malanggan people of northern New Ireland, Papua New Guinea, Haida carvings from the Pacific Northwest region of North America, and woodcuts by the German Max Pechstein. Lieder und vertonte Gedichte von Tagore fanden unter anderem Verwendung in: Prudhomme (1901) | As a joke, he claimed that these were the lost works of newly discovered 17th-century Vaiṣṇava poet Bhānusiṃha. During a May 1932 visit to a Bedouin encampment in the Iraqi desert, the tribal chief told him that "Our Prophet has said that a true Muslim is he by whose words and deeds not the least of his brother-men may ever come to any harm ..." Tagore confided in his diary: "I was startled into recognizing in his words the voice of essential humanity. Lagerkvist (1951) | Nach seinem Upanayana-Ritual, einem wichtigen hinduistischen Initiationsritus, begleitete Rabindranath 1873 seinen Vater, der sich inzwischen fast ausschließlich der Religion widmete, auf eine längere Reise. Wells, and Romain Rolland. [139] Though somewhat critical of Gandhian activism,[140] Tagore was key in resolving a Gandhi–Ambedkar dispute involving separate electorates for untouchables, thereby mooting at least one of Gandhi's fasts "unto death". Die 1908 von Raden Soetomo (1888–1938) gegründete elitäre Organisation, die nur Indonesiern offenstand, sah in Tagore ein Vorbild für die erstrebte Kombination aus westlichem Bildungsideal und eigener nationaler Identität.[15]. [89] He visited Aga Khan III, stayed at Dartington Hall, toured Denmark, Switzerland, and Germany from June to mid-September 1930, then went on into the Soviet Union. Die Gedichtbände seiner letzten Jahre gelten auch heute noch als bedeutend. He left for home in January 1925. They had five children, two of whom died in childhood. In the period 1914–1922, the Jiménez-Camprubí pair produced twenty-two Spanish translations of Tagore's English corpus; they heavily revised The Crescent Moon and other key titles. In: Brief vom 20. [80] His essay "Nationalism in India" was scorned and praised; it was admired by Romain Rolland and other pacifists. [33], He wrote 6 poems relating to Sikhism and a number of articles in Bengali child magazine about Sikhism.[34]. There the sacred chanting resounds continually. Sein jüngster Sohn Samindranath starb 1907 an Cholera, und 1905 musste Tagore Abschied von seinem 87-jährigen Vater nehmen. Joi Baba Felunath | [12] Am 7. Chitrangada, Chandalika, and Shyama are other key plays that have dance-drama adaptations, which together are known as Rabindra Nritya Natya. Aranyer Din Ratri | Dort erfuhr er Mitte November, dass ihm für den Gedichtband Gitanjali der Nobelpreis für Literatur zuerkannt worden war: „Auf Grund der tiefen und hohen Beziehung sowie der Schönheit und Frische seiner Dichtungen, die auf eine glänzende Weise sein dichterisches Schaffen auch in dessen eigentümlichem englischen Gewand der schönen Literatur des Abendlandes einverleibt.“, In seiner Heimat wurde Rabindranath nach der Bekanntgabe trotz aller vormaligen Kritik enthusiastisch gefeiert – der neue Ruhm belastete den Dichter jedoch bald:[10], „Der enorme Wirbelwind öffentlicher Erregung […] ist entsetzlich. Tagore saw the partition as a cunning plan to stop the independence movement, and he aimed to rekindle Bengali unity and tar communalism. Gao (2000) | Ōe (1994) | His works are frequently noted for their rhythmic, optimistic, and lyrical nature. Auf insgesamt neun Vortragsreisen durch Asien, Europa und Amerika plädierte er für eine Synthese der positiven Elemente östlichen und westlichen Denkens. Sikkim | Vor und während der Reise übersetzte er einige seiner Gedichte ins Englische – bis zu dieser Zeit war sein Werk in Europa fast völlig unbekannt. Each government pledged US$100,000 to his school to commemorate the visits. Brief vom 1. Asturias (1967) | Writing and music, playwriting and acting came to him naturally and almost without training, as it did to several others in his family, and in even greater measure. Abhijan | — Interviewed by Einstein, 14 April 1930. Von 1914 bis 1921 erschienen über 20 Bücher mit Rabindranaths Werken in englischer Sprache; in weitere europäische Sprachen wurde nicht aus dem Bengalischen, sondern aus dem Englischen übersetzt. Tagore wrote of it: "I have always regretted the ending". [81], Shortly after returning home the 63-year-old Tagore accepted an invitation from the Peruvian government. Tagore does not know English, no Indian knows English. nicht verliehen (1935) | Rabindranath Tagore, also known by his sobriquets Gurudev, Kabiguru, and Biswakabi, was a polymath, poet, musician, and artist from the Indian subcontinent. 1926: Das Postamt. [159] In colonial Vietnam Tagore was a guide for the restless spirit of the radical writer and publicist Nguyen An Ninh[160] Tagore's works were widely translated into English, Dutch, German, Spanish, and other European languages by Czech Indologist Vincenc Lesný,[161] French Nobel laureate André Gide, Russian poet Anna Akhmatova,[162] former Turkish Prime Minister Bülent Ecevit,[163] and others. I claim for you, my Motherland. But, just as a mother lavishes most affection on her ugliest son, so I feel secretly drawn to the very skill that comes to me least easily."
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